Freud spent many years hypothesizing about the role of dreams and their interpretation. He defines the states of sleep to be a period of uproar and chaos during which the unconscious thoughts of the id attempt to force their way into consciousness (Freud, 1949, p. 38). In order to interpret a dream, which develops from either the id or the ego, certain assumptions must be made, including the acknowledgment that what is recalled from a dream is only a front wall behind which the meaning must be inferred. Dreams are undoubtedly caused by conflict and are characterized by their power to bring up memories that the dreamer has forgotten their strong use of symbolism, and their ability to reproduce repressed impressions of the dreamer's childhood (Freud, 1949, p. 40). In addition, dreams, which are fulfillments of wishes, according to Freud (1949), are capable of bringing up impressions that cannot have originated from the dreamer's life (Freud, 1949, p. 45).Insight is gain through continuous process of interpretation.
JUNGIAN PSYCHOLOGY
JUNGIAN PSYCHOLOGY
Freud has many followers and one of them was Carl Gustav Jung who was a Swiss psychiatrist and founder of analytic psychology. He disagreed with Freud on his embellished emphasis on sexual desires. Jung believed that sexuality is important idea but there are several phenomenons that do not come under this umbrella. Spiritualism, mysticism and religion are beyond the realm of sexuality and have personal existence, so he separated from Freud and proposed his own culture, religion and mysticism based ideas. Carl Jung popularized the notion that people fall into two attitude types and talked about Extraversion and Introversion as the two ways of responding to the world.
1. Introvert
2. Extrovert
These two elements of the human body are both physical and mental aspects that give us reasons to most of our actions.
Extroverts
An extrovert is a person is very social they like to go to parties and thinks in a way that centers on and around the object, the object being a task or a person. They feel the most energized through interactions with others and feel the most drained or down when they are alone.
Introverts
Unlike extroverts, are more reserved, less outgoing,and less sociable. Instead of attending a party, introverts like to stay at home and read a book. Introverts get their energy from themselves and are drained by people. An introvert is a person who thinks in a way that centers on his or her own feelings and thoughts about a situation. And are energized by spending time on solitary activities and will find being around many people at once bothers them. According to Jung no one is completely introvert or extrovert, people have both introvert and extrovert dimensions of personality but only one dimension is dominant.
The four Ego Functions
According to Jung, the Ego has four psychological functions, four different fundamental ways of perceiving and interpreting reality, and two ways of responding to it. Jung divided people into Thinking, Feeling, Sensation, and Intuition types, arranging these four in a compass.
1. Introvert
2. Extrovert
These two elements of the human body are both physical and mental aspects that give us reasons to most of our actions.
Extroverts
An extrovert is a person is very social they like to go to parties and thinks in a way that centers on and around the object, the object being a task or a person. They feel the most energized through interactions with others and feel the most drained or down when they are alone.
Introverts
Unlike extroverts, are more reserved, less outgoing,and less sociable. Instead of attending a party, introverts like to stay at home and read a book. Introverts get their energy from themselves and are drained by people. An introvert is a person who thinks in a way that centers on his or her own feelings and thoughts about a situation. And are energized by spending time on solitary activities and will find being around many people at once bothers them. According to Jung no one is completely introvert or extrovert, people have both introvert and extrovert dimensions of personality but only one dimension is dominant.
The four Ego Functions
According to Jung, the Ego has four psychological functions, four different fundamental ways of perceiving and interpreting reality, and two ways of responding to it. Jung divided people into Thinking, Feeling, Sensation, and Intuition types, arranging these four in a compass.
• Sensation
• Feeling
• Thinking
• Intuition
These consist of two diametrically-opposed pairs. Thinking is the opposite of Feeling, and Sensation the opposite of Intuition. So, suggests Jung, if a person has the Thinking function (an analytical, "head"-type way of looking at the world) highly developed, the Feeling function (the empathetic, value-based "heart"-type way of looking at things) will be correspondingly undeveloped, and in fact suppressed. The same goes for Sensation and Intuition. Sensation is orientation "outward" to physical reality, and Intuition "inward" to psychic reality.
Jung arranges these four functions into two pairs of opposites. Firstly there are the two perceiving (or, nonrational) functions of Sensation and Intuition. Secondly, there are the two judging (or, rational) functions of Thinking and Feeling.Jung believes that whichever function dominates consciousness (e.g., Thinking), its opposite (e.g., Feeling) will be repressed and therefore will tend to characterise unconscious functioning.
• Feeling
• Thinking
• Intuition
These consist of two diametrically-opposed pairs. Thinking is the opposite of Feeling, and Sensation the opposite of Intuition. So, suggests Jung, if a person has the Thinking function (an analytical, "head"-type way of looking at the world) highly developed, the Feeling function (the empathetic, value-based "heart"-type way of looking at things) will be correspondingly undeveloped, and in fact suppressed. The same goes for Sensation and Intuition. Sensation is orientation "outward" to physical reality, and Intuition "inward" to psychic reality.
Jung arranges these four functions into two pairs of opposites. Firstly there are the two perceiving (or, nonrational) functions of Sensation and Intuition. Secondly, there are the two judging (or, rational) functions of Thinking and Feeling.Jung believes that whichever function dominates consciousness (e.g., Thinking), its opposite (e.g., Feeling) will be repressed and therefore will tend to characterise unconscious functioning.
